Activated charcoal is not effective since it does not bind to alcohol. Due to the rapid onset of CNS signs, emesis should only be considered within 15 minutes of ingestion in an asymptomatic animal. Due to methanol being rapidly absorbed in the GI tract, emesis is typically not indicated. There is no antidote available for methanol poisoning. Ethylene glycol tests are not effective for testing methanol. Of note, serum methanol levels are rarely done but do provide an effective measurement of toxicity. In addition to the clinical signs noted above, a physical exam and baseline diagnostics including venous blood gas, blood glucose and blood pressure may show evidence of metabolic acidosis, hypoglycemia, or hypotension. Clinical signs are expected to be rapid, so if an animal is not exhibiting signs within 3-4 hours of suspected exposure, it is unlikely that they will be affected.Ī diagnosis of methanol poisoning is typically based on history and clinical signs. In the event of a larger ingestion, unknown ingested amount or if a pet is symptomatic, they should be evaluated by a veterinarian as soon as possible. Most pets ingesting a small amount of methanol may be able to be monitored at home.
Since most windshield washer fluids contain a lower concentration of methanol (generally 20-30% methanol), ingested doses must be calculated accordingly. Well established minimum toxic doses are not available for methanol. While methanol poisoning can cause blindness in humans and primates, it is not a side effect seen in dogs and cats. Respiratory failure is less common, and seizures are rare. Clinical signs may include lethargy, ataxia, depression, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Most commonly, the CNS and GI systems are affected less commonly, cardiovascular, and respiratory effects are seen. It is also referred to as “wood alcohol.”Ĭlinical signs of methanol poisoning are typically seen quickly, within 30-60 minutes, and are similar to those seen in pets with ethanol poisoning. Methanol is a colorless alcohol that has a slightly sweet odor. Methanol poisoning is most commonly seen in pets due to ingestion of windshield washer fluid, however methanol can also be found in cleaning products, varnish, solvents, gasoline and model airplane fuel.
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